Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Eight (Session Eleven)

The U.S. Senate should be chosen by the state legislatures so that it does not become an extension of the U.S. House of Representatives. That in itself would breed tyranny. Since state governments have been "franchises" of the federal government since the end of the American Civil War, the chief head executive of each state should not be involved in this choosing. The governor in each state has to execute the law in accordance to the law the U.S. Senate passes, thereby engaging the governor in a palpable conflict of interest if he/she helped to choose members of the U.S. Senate.

The vice-governor is only supposed to be the president of the state senate. Therefore that officeholder's involvement in this choosing should not be prohibited. The vice-governor of each state can accept applications from all eligible citizens of that state who are interested in vying for a seat in the U.S. Senate. He/she can then restrict the field of candidates to five applicants who are located in one of the specific U.S. Senatorial zones of each state. He/she would send this list to the members of the state house of delegates/assemblypeople who are located in one of the specific U.S. Senatorial zones of each state. These specific members would review this list in order to appoint an U.S. Senator.

Once these lower state legislative house members in each specific U.S. Senatorial zone makes such an appointment by appointing the candidate who received the most ballots by them, the state senate will have the duty to make confirmation based on a majority vote of all its members in each senatorial zone only. A quorum of two-thirds casting ballots must exist for all voting sessions that provides such confirmation.

If the state senate members in a specific U.S. Senatorial zone cannot muster confirmation, then the state house of delegates/assemblypeople in a specific U.S. senatorial zone has to immediately schedule a revote excluding the candidate who failed to receive confirmation by the state senate members who belong to a specific senatorial zone. The next U.S. Senatorial candidate appointed by specific senatorial zone members of the state lower legislative house will only need 45% approval by the specific U.S. Senatorial zone members of the state upper legislative house in order to receive confirmation. If the members belonging to a specific U.S. Senatorial zone in the state senate again are unable to provide confirmation, the specific U.S. Senatorial zone members who belong to the state lower legislative house will have to immediately schedule a revote.

The process continues as before with this following exception. The percentage of state senate members, belonging exclusively to a specific U.S. senatorial zone, required to provide confirmation decreases 5% every time they vote to confirm a new candidate until a candidate is finally confirmed by this state upper house legislative body.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Eight (Session Ten)

If America truly has a Representative Democracy that supports its Representative Republic, it would have 1260 electors throughout the 50 states and territories casting ballots for POTUS as well as casting ballots for VPOTUS. 1100 electors would come from the 1100 Congressional districts throughout the nation. Another 150 electors would come from all 50 states as three electors would represent three different geographical regions from each state. The remaining ten electors would come from all the federal territories, including Washington D.C.

The number of electors have to match the number of federal lower house representatives plus the number of federal upper house senators. Presently there should be 1100 members in the U.S. House of Representatives to serve the 50 states. There should also 150 senators, three from each state. Finally 10 non-voting delegates should represent the federal territories in the US. House of Representatives. Those delegates are prohibited from voting but they do have floor privileges such as speaking on the floor. They can introduce legislation as well.

All electors need to meet at their state capitols to cast their ballots. At a later time the VPOTUS reads out loud the choice each elector made to the members of the House of Representatives. All choices of both Presidential and Vice-Presidential candidates made by each set of their electors are thus recorded. Cliff Notes Version: There should be 1260 electors since there should be 1100 members of the House of Representatives, 150 members of the U.S. Senate, and 10 non-voting delegates to represent the US territories. The total number of electors should match the total number of the members of the federal legislative branch.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Eight (Session Nine)

Vast majority of Americans believe if that the Vice-President succeeds the President if the President is no longer such in all occasions. That simply is not the case.

The Twentieth Amendment in the U.S. Constitution in 1933 states in its Section 4 that if a President dies in office and was earlier chosen by the members of the House of Representatives on a state-to state basis, that federal legislative lower house body chooses the next President as governed by federal law.

The Twentieth Amendment in the U.S. Constitution also states in its Section 4 that if a Vice-President dies in office and was earlier chosen by the majority of members of the U.S. Senate, that federal legislative upper house body chooses the next Vice-President as governed by federal law.

If one reads the Twentieth Amendment passed in 1933, it is apparent that the candidates for President and candidates for Vice-President were not on the same ticket. Otherwise why would it express that if the President was not chosen before the beginning of its term, then the Vice President-elect shall act as President?

This Amendment cites the definite involvement of the House Of Representatives in the possible choosing of the POTUS and the definite involvement of the U.S. Senate in the possible choosing of VPOTUS. This can only mean the U.S. Constitution did not advocate for an Electoral College. With the use of the Electoral College, the House Of Representatives will hardly ever be used to choose the President and the U.S. Senate will likewise rarely, if ever, be used for the choosing of VPOTUS.

To re-establish Representative Governance, Americans must utilize what was prescribed in the American Constitution for the conduct of Presidential and Vice-Presidential elections. Cliff Notes Version: The American Constitution never meant for the Electoral College to be established. It wanted each elector to vote separately and distinctly on his/her own. It also desired for the electors to vote separately in the POTUS and VPOTUS races.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Eight (Session Eight)

If none of the candidates for both President and Vice-President qualify, the U.S. Constitution calls for both houses of Congress to pass a law to deal with this dilemma. Currently the law establishes a line of succession. If all candidates for both these two head executive positions fail to receive the majority approval from the electors or from the federal legislative house members who voted in their selection, then the Speaker of the U.S. House Of Representatives takes over the Presidency and then selects the Vice-President for the coming term.

In the most recent post prior to this, it was cited that majority approval from US House of Representatives was needed to choose the VPOTUS and that the US Constitution needed to be amended. However if both POTUS and VPOTUS offices remain vacant, then it is indeed in accordance to the ideals of Representative Democracy for the U.S. House Speaker to choose the next VPOTUS considering the dire circumstances of the situation. When a situation is desperate and urgent, extra authority and powers should be assigned to that specific officeholder so that Representative Governance is maintained.

All reactions:

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Eight (Session Seven)

If the U.S. Constitution is to be followed, as it should be but it totally is not, electors from each congressional districts, each state, and each territory individually cast their vote for President and Vice-President of the federal government of the United States.

When the preceding happens, since the number of eligible candidates for VPOTUS is greatly expanded, this creates the following two conditions.

1. The majority of the electors are unable to qualify an eligible candidate as VPOTUS.

2. In a very realistic scenario the majority of members of the U.S. Senate, are unable to qualify an eligible candidate as VPOTUS. Even though there are only two candidates on the ballot, a sufficient number of Senators may abstain from voting for either of the two candidates, thus causing no candidate to achieve a majority of U.S, Senate votes.

If the majority of U.S. Senators are unable to choose this head executive of federal government, the U.S. Constitution is quite clear when it mandates that the newly chosen POTUS has to choose the next VPOTUS for the new term provided that choice has majority approval from both houses of Congress.

Perhaps the U.S. Constitution should be amended on this measure as it gives too much power to the Presidency. Due to the fact that the federal government has been the sovereign government authority since the late 1860s, a President's power has to be kept in check unless a last resort situation warrants its expansion. While the President should have this nomination authority if there is a vacancy in the VP's office in case of removal, death, or resignation, the President should not have this authority when that VP's office is vacant due to no one being qualified.

When all VPOTUS candidates fail to become Vice-President-elect because of lack of voting support from either the electors or U.S. Senate, members of the U.S. House of Representatives should individually vote for these two eligible candidates. Majority approval of a candidate from that federal lower house body is required to fill that VP's office. If neither of those two candidates are still unable to achieve this, then the President's nominee for VPOTUS, with majority approval from both the US. House and U.S Senate, becomes the next VPOTUS. Cliff Notes Version: The only time the POTUS is to choose the VPOTUS according to the American Constitution is when the majority of electors and the majority of U.S. Senate members fail to choose one candidate as the VPOTUS.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Eight (Session Six)

If the U.S. Constitution is to be followed, as it should be but it totally is not, electors from each congressional districts, from each state, and from each territory are supposed to individually cast their vote for candidates for President and Vice-President of the federal government of the United States.

When the preceding happens, since the number of eligible candidates for POTUS is greatly expanded, this creates the following two conditions.

1. The majority of the electors are unable to qualify an eligible candidate as POTUS.

2. In a very realistic scenario the majority of the states, comprised by members of the U.S. House Of Representatives, are unable to qualify an eligible candidate as POTUS.

If the majority of states are unable to choose this head executive of federal government, the U.S. Constitution is quite clear when it mandates that the newly chosen VPOTUS-elect is to act as President. It must be noted that the Vice-President-elect does not become the President but merely assumes the powers and duties of the presidency as Acting President until the next term.

Who then becomes the Vice-President if the selected Vice-President-elect has to act as President if all Presidential candidates fail to qualify? The 25th Amendment clearly states that the Vice-President becomes the President only when the President is removed from office or of his/her death or resignation. Its Section 2 clearly cites that whenever there is a Vice Presidential vacancy, the President shall nominate an individual who, upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress, becomes the Vice-President.

Due to the fact that when all Presidential candidates fail to become an eligible President because of lack of congressional support on a state level, the chosen VPOTUS-elect becomes Acting President only. The Acting President does not have the Constitutional authority, unlike the authority a VPOTUS who became POTUS has, to choose his/her replacement.

The U.S. Constitution is unclear who becomes Acting Vice-President, in case no Presidential candidate qualifies, since the currently chosen Vice-President-elect has to act as President. That document should be amended so that when this vacancy in the VP's office happens, the VPOTUS candidate who either received the second highest number of votes from members of the U.S. Senate is selected to serve as Acting Vice-President for the duration of its term.

The preceding is preferable than the Acting President choosing the Acting VPOTUS. This is also preferable than the members of the U.S. Senate choosing the Acting VPOTUS who earlier belonged to a field of candidates that the electors chose from and later was not subject to voting by that legislative body. In other words a VPOTUS candidate who did not earlier qualify for a Senate vote because he or she were not in the Top Two should later not be allowed to be voted on by U.S. Senate members.

If the Acting President chose or U.S. Senate attempted to choose for the 2nd time the Acting VPOTUS, that would be indicative of Imperial Democracy. That measure would confer either Acting President or the U.S. Senate too much power. It would in accordance to the ideals of Representative Democracy for the candidate who either received the second highest number of elector votes or the second highest number of U.S. Senate ballots, in the Senate's first vote, to act as Vice-President for the entire following term.

Cliff Notes Version: If the majority of electors or majority of states cannot choose the POTUS, the VPOTUS becomes the Acting POTUS.

Since the U.S. Constitution does not specify how the Acting VPOTUS will be chosen, the VPOTUS candidate who either received the second highest number of votes from members of the U.S. Senate is selected to serve as Acting Vice-President for the duration of its term.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Eight (Session Five)

In the first phrase of the fourth paragraph, it reads as follows: "The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President;"

The drafters in the American Constitution realized that in Representative Democratic Mode, there would be definite occasions in which a majority of electors would not be able to elect the VPOTUS. That is why they devised the scheme in which U.S. Senate members cast ballots for this specific federal head executive. The Founding Fathers established this in case no candidate for this position achieved votes from a majority of electors.

Obviously with the direct democratic democratic mode's National Popular Vote, the foregoing is not applicable. Even with the Imperial Democratic Mode's Electoral College, which is the current system in effect, this is really not applicable. The Electoral College ensures that basically only two candidates could each vie for POTUS and VPOTUS respectively, ensuring two-party dictatorial rule.

The federal and state legislatures did not have the electoral college in mind as they ratified the 12th Amendment. They knew this measure (federal senate members' involvement) would only rarely be used if the electoral college scheme was implemented.

These legislators and the framers of the American Constitution would never have had written in the nation's charter a certain measure if it was only to be exercised in a rare momentary occasion. The drafters and ratifiers were fully aware that the need for the U.S. Senate to choose the VPOTUS would not be uncommon at all. That is why it was incorporated in the Constitution's 12th Amendment.

If the manner prescribed by this 12th Amendment in choosing the VPOTUS is followed, the need for the U.S. Senate members to possibly choose the VPOTUS is not uncommon at all. There will exist at least a significant minority of occasions in which these federal upper house members will have to choose the VPOTUS if the electors fail to do so.

This is due to the fact that there will one distinct elector representing each congressional district as well as two other electors representing each state. Each elector will choose one individual from either the field of Presidential or Vice-Presidential candidates who have each submitted their application with the Federal Election Commission. Since these candidates will not have the fanfare of present-day Presidential candidates due to the current system in place, no elector will refuse to vote for a candidate simply because that elector does not want to waste his/her vote.

With the Constitutional and Representative Democratic system in place, electors will be much more able to vote his/her conscience. This means the field of candidates expands and becomes more heterogeneous than what it is now and has been for many decades, if not since the end of the American Civil War and even prior. There would be much greater variety of candidates for VPOTUS who would receive consideration for that specific job.

Cliff Notes Version: The National Popular Vote and the Electoral College are neither allowed in the American Constitution nor is it consistent with the ideals of representative governance.

If the American Constitution is followed in which all electors cast his/her own ballot for the President, each elector can freely vote his/her own conscience and will have a much more expanded field of candidates to chose from.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Eight (Session Four)

In the second phrase of the first sentence of the third paragraph and also in the second sentence of the 12th Amendment, it reads as follows:

"and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice."

The drafters in the American Constitution realized that in Representative Democratic Mode, there would be definite occasions in which a majority of electors would not be able to elect the POTUS. That is why they devised the scheme in which House of Representative members, grouped in their own states in which each state casts one vote for this officeholder, cast ballots for POTUS. The Founding Fathers established this in case no candidate for this position achieved votes from a majority of electors.

Obviously with the direct democratic democratic mode's National Popular Vote, the foregoing is not applicable. Even with the Imperial Democratic Mode's Electoral College, which is the current system in effect, this is really not applicable. The Electoral College ensures that basically only two candidates could each vie for POTUS and VPOTUS respectively, ensuring two-party dictatorial rule.

In the 1992 Presidential election, Ross Perot was a major third party candidate who received 19% of the votes. Yet he did not receive one electoral vote. Even if Ross Perot received 37% of the votes cast by the electorate, as he was polling prior to his dropping out (he would later re-enter), he still may have gotten the majority of the electoral votes needed to become President of the United States.

If Perot would have gotten 37%, Bill Clinton plausibly would have received 35%, and George Bush plausibly would have obtained 27%. It was also likely Perot may fallen short of achieving a majority of electoral votes needed but by a small margin only. The main point is the federal and state legislatures did not have the electoral college in mind as they ratified the 12th Amendment. They knew this measure (federal house members' involvement) would only rarely be used if the electoral college scheme was implemented.

These legislators and the framers of the American Constitution would never have had written in the nation's charter a certain measure if it was only to be exercised in a rare momentary occasion. The drafters and ratifiers were fully aware that the need for the House Of Representatives to choose the POTUS would not be uncommon at all. That is why it was incorporated in the Constitution's 12th Amendment.

If the manner prescribed by this 12th Amendment in choosing the POTUS is followed, the need for the House members to possibly choose the POTUS would not be uncommon at all. There would exist at least a significant minority of occasions in which these federal lower house members would have to choose the POTUS if the electors failed to do so.

This is due to the fact that there would one distinct elector representing each congressional district as well as two other electors representing each state. Each elector would choose from the field of Presidential candidates who submitted their applications with the Federal Election Commission. Since these candidates would not have the fanfare of present-day Presidential candidates due to the current system in place, no elector would refuse to vote for a candidate simply because that elector did not want to waste his/her vote.

With the Constitutional and Representative Democratic system in place, electors would be much more able to vote his/her conscience. This means the field of candidates would expand and become more heterogeneous than it is now. It had been like this for many decades prior to the start of the American Civil War. There would be much more of a variety of candidates for POTUS who would receive consideration for that specific job.

Cliff Notes Version: If the manner prescribed by this 12th Amendment in choosing the POTUS is followed, the need for the House members to possibly choose the POTUS would not be uncommon at all.

The Electoral College has to be abolished. The Presidential electors and Vice-Presidential electors have to each make his/her own individual choice of candidate. The Electoral College establishes conformity as the majority of electors belonging to each state decides who that state's choice for President and Vice-President will be. That violates the American Constitution as it gives each elector the authority to freely cast a ballot for any candidate of his or her own choosing.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Eight (Session Three)

Electors for President and for Vice-President should be federal functionaries since the entire governance was "federalized" as the result of the American Civil War. However the first and second phrases of the 12th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution should not be amended. Electors still need to meet in their respective states to vote by ballot for President and Vice-President. After all, states are still subsidiaries of the U.S.A. nation.

The 12th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution should be amended so that there are two sets of electors, one of each set chooses the POTUS and VPOTUS respectively. This change would make the choosing of the officeholders much more Representative Democratic.

However even if only one set of electors exist for the choosing of both positions, it is still permissible for a chosen POTUS and VPOTUS to belong to the same state. The only act which is banned by the U.S. Constitution is each elector cannot vote for POTUS and VPOTUS candidates who are from the same state. Plainly explained if an elector chooses one candidate from one state as POTUS, that same elector is not allowed to choose his/her candidate for VPOTUS from that same state. The choices for POTUS and VPOTUS each by an elector cannot belong to the same state. That does not prohibit the winners of the Presidency and Vice-Presidency from belonging to the same state. The 12th Amendment only inhibits it.

However the 12th Amendment has been totally violated and ignored in regards to this choosing. The preceding is not applicable. Presently the President and Vice-President are on the same ticket and they are, for all practical purposes, chosen by the electorate and not by the electors. Due to the fact that electors still choose these federal head executives as a formality only, the POTUS and VPOTUS will always have to belong to different states.

Cliff Notes Version: Electors for President and for Vice-President should be federal functionaries since the entire governance was "federalized" as the result of the American Civil War. The U.S. Constitution should be amended so that there are two sets of electors, one of each set chooses the POTUS and VPOTUS respectively.

It is still permissible for a chosen POTUS and VPOTUS to belong to the same state. The only act which is banned by the U.S. Constitution is each elector cannot vote for POTUS and VPOTUS candidates who are from the same state.

Since the electorate have much more of a choice in who becomes POTUS and VPOTUS than the electors, POTUS and VPOTUS have to belong to different states.

Commentary On Elections-Part Seventy-Two

Commentary On Elections-Part Seventy-Two

The reason why local governments should select state senators while only the electorate, through electoral voting, should choose both sets of Governor and Vice-Governor electors. Local governments are area-based so its selection will be based on an area-based model. Because the state senate is also based on an area-based democratic model, it is important that the entity who does the choosing of its members is also area-based. In pertinence to the legislative branch, the democratic model has to be the same for both the "chooser" and "chosen".

In pertinence to the executive branch, the democratic model has to be different for both the "chooser" and "chosen". Since each the Governor and Vice-Governor are area-based positions, their electors should be chosen by the People separately even as the People's votes are counted electorally. The Governor is supposed to preside over the operation of the state bureaucracy so his/her capacity is based on the area-based democratic model.

The Vice-Governor presides over the state senate, which is also based on the area-based democratic model. Therefore like the electors of the Governor, the electors of the Vice-Governor should also be chosen by the People as a separate tally even as the People's votes are counted electorally.

The legislatures are Closer To The People so the democratic model on how they are chosen and the democratic model they are based on have to be the same. The executive branch is prohibited from "bending its will" to populism as easily as the legislative branch. Therefore they have to keep more distance from the People they serve. The democratic model on how they are chosen and the democratic model that they are based on have to be the different.

Commentary On Elections-Part Seventy-One

Commentary On Elections-Part Seventy-One

State governments should select federal senators while only the electorate, through electoral voting, should choose both sets of Presidential and Vice-Presidential electors. State governments are area-based so its selection will be based on an area-based democratic model. Because the federal senate is also based on an area-based democratic model, it is important that the entity who does the choosing of its members is also area-based. In pertinence to the legislative branch, the democratic model has to be the same for both the "chooser" and "chosen".

In pertinence to the executive branch, the democratic model has to be different for both the "chooser" and "chosen". Since each the President and Vice-President are area-based positions, their electors should be chosen by the People separately even as the People's votes are counted electorally. The President presides over the functioning of the federal bureaucracy and he/she commands the nation's military. Therefore his/her capacity is based on the area-based democratic model. The Vice-President presides over the U.S. Senate, which is also based on the area-based democratic model. Therefore like the electors of the POTUS, the electors of the VPOTUS should also be chosen by the People as a separate tally even as People's votes are counted electorally.

The legislatures are Closer To The People so the democratic model on how they are chosen and the democratic model which they are based on have to be the same. The executive branch is prohibited from "bending its will" to populism as easily as the legislative branch. Therefore they have to keep more distance from the People they serve than the legislative branch. The democratic model on how they are chosen and the democratic model which they are based on have to be different.

Commentary On Elections-Part Seventy

This commentary depicts why at the legislative level cross-verification should not apply.

The following depicts the need for elected federal lower house representatives to be chosen by the People in a balanced manner. All willing eligible voters of each locality cast their ballots for their choice of federal lower house representative. Localities (city or county) then cast all its assigned electoral vote(s) for its most popular candidate of a legislative house. The assignment of electoral votes to each and ever locality should be based on the same democratic model as the federal legislative house that electors of each and every locality vote for.

In other words since the assignment of electoral votes is population-based, the federal lower legislative house that the localities cast its votes to choose those house's members should also be population-based.

The assignment of electoral votes to each locality which holds election for seats in the US House of Representatives is population-based because this federal lower legislative house is indeed based on a population-based model.

Cross-verification is an important component of checks and balances for head executives at the state and federal level but not for lawmakers at either level. The two specific types of chambers of the bicameral legislature at either the state and federal levels should either be area-based or population-based.

Plainly put the upper house at the state and federal level should be based on an area-based democratic model and the lower house at the state and federal level has to be based on a popular-based democratic model.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Nine

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Nine

Cross-verification is very important so that no part of the executive branch of government becomes too powerful but at the same time becomes sufficiently powerful to fulfil its responsibilities.

Cross-verification is also imperative to prevent polarization. No executive branch institution of this democratic republic should become too population-based or too area-based. This measure should be implemented for executive officeholders only though.

Legislative officeholders instead have to be Closer To The People in order to make laws general consistent with their specific views and needs. Cross-verification defeats that purpose.

The foregoing and following are why all Presidential electors should be chosen by electoral votes in a federal congressional district. The President of the United States serves all Americans by presiding over the administration of their federal government's executive agencies and as commander-in-chief of their armed forces. Since Presidential functions are based on area-based model, the manner his/her electors are chosen should be based on an population-based model.

Commentary On Elections- Part Sixty-Eight (Session One & Session Two)

Commentary On Elections- Part Sixty-Eight (Session One)

According to the U.S. Constitution there are no direct elections for federal head executives nor do states choose, as a whole in proportion to its population, these federal head executives. That document instead stipulates that each state (state government or popular elections) chooses its electors. The number of these electors is proportionate to its population.

The drafters of the Constitution wanted for all states and even territories to choose electors to individually cast their ballots separately for President and for Vice-President. To put it simply, in the present day all states, according to the U.S. Constitution, are supposed to choose 538 people who cast their votes in 538 "pots" for POTUS and then in another 538 "pots" for VPOTUS. Each "pot" is counted individually for the two distinctly separate races of federal head executives.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Eight (Session Two)

Presidential and vice-presidential electors are indeed state and not federal functionaries. However since federal government became the supreme governmental authority after the end of the American Civil War, these electors should be federal functionaries. They should not be chosen by state governments.

The U.S. Constitution should be amended to reflect the preceding. It should mandate that each and every elector for President and Vice-President should be elected by the eligible electorate at the congressional district level. It should also mandate that the two at-large electors have to be chosen by each legislative house of every state.

The choosing of both Presidential and Vice-Presidential electors has to be population-based due to the fact the functions of both the POTUS and VPOTUS (federal head executives) are based on area democratic models. Cross-verification has to be emphasized for executive office positions.

Commentary On Elections- Part Sixty-Seven

Commentary On Elections- Part Sixty-Seven

All federal and state electors should be chosen by electoral votes rather than by direct popular votes.

The candidate for gubernatorial elector who obtains the majority of electoral votes in a state senate district becomes its elector. The governor presides over the administration of state agencies that affects the entire population of the state. Therefore the governor's functions are considered area-based.

The candidate for gubernatorial elector who receives the most popular votes per locality district in the entire state senate district wins the electoral votes assigned to that locality district. Each locality district in the state senate district is allocated electoral votes based on its population. If a locality district has less than 10,000 in population, it is to receive one electoral vote. For additional 10,000 in population, that locality district receives one additional electoral vote.

It is then essential that the gubernatorial electors are elected via population-based mode. That is why the voters, via electoral voting, in each state senate district have to choose the electors for governor.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Five & Part Sixty-Six

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Five

All federal and state electors should be chosen by electoral votes rather than by direct popular votes.

All Vice-Presidential electors should be chosen by electoral vote per precinct in a federal congressional district. The Vice-President is supposed to be the President Of The U.S. Senate, a area-based institution of this democratic republic. Cross-verification is very important so that the U.S. Senate does not become too powerful but at the same time be powerful enough to fulfill its responsibilities.

The candidate for VPOTUS elector who receives the highest number of votes in a precinct is awarded the electoral vote for that precinct. The candidate who receives the majority of these electoral votes serves as the Vice-Presidential elector for that congressional district. If no candidate for VPOTUS elector receives a majority of these electoral votes, then the candidate who obtains the highest number of direct popular votes throughout the congressional district becomes its Vice-Presidential elector.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Six All federal and state electors should be chosen by electoral votes rather than by direct popular votes.

The candidate for vice-gubernatorial elector who obtains the majority of electoral votes in a state delegate/assembly district becomes its elector. One electoral vote is assigned to a precinct. The candidate who obtains the highest number of popular votes in a precinct receives its electoral vote. The candidate who obtains the majority of these electoral votes becomes this elector for vice-governor in that state delegate/assembly district. If no majority of these electoral votes is obtained by any candidate, then direct popular voting throughout that state delegate/assemblymen district decides that political race.

The vice-governor is the president of the state senate, a land-based institution of the democratic republic. Therefore it is essential that the vice-gubernatorial electors be elected via population-based mode. That is why the voters, through electoral votes, in each state delegate/assembly district have to choose the electors for vice-governor.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Four

The choosing of Presidential electors should be based on a population model and not area-based model.

The POTUS after all is generally weak in domestic affairs as he heads the military and bureaucratic agencies. Therefore for cross-verification purposes, the POTUS should be chosen by population-mode since that officeholder does not serve the People but rather the State at the federal level.

The manner Presidential electors are chosen should be based on an population-based model. Cross-verification must be emphasized.

In this population-based model, each locality (city or county) in a federal congressional district is assigned electoral votes based on its population. If a locality belongs to two congressional districts, the locality which has the majority of its population in a specific congressional district will have two-thirds of its electoral votes allocated for that specific federal congressional district. The remaining electoral votes belonging to that locality will be allocated for the federal congressional district which has the minority of that locality's population.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Three

This pertains to the choosing of Presidential electors.

The candidate for Presidential elector who wins the highest number of popular votes in a locality totally located in a federal congressional district obtains all the electoral votes assigned to that locality based on its population. The candidate for Presidential elector who wins the highest number of popular votes in the part of a locality in which its population, which happens to be the majority of the locality's population, is located in a federal congressional district, that candidate obtains two-thirds of the locality's electoral votes matching the nearest highest whole figure. The candidate for Presidential elector who wins the highest number of popular votes in the part of a locality in which its population, which happens to be the minority of the locality's population, is located in a federal congressional district, that candidate obtains one-third of the locality's electoral votes matching the nearest lowest whole figure.

Every federal congressional district, for this choosing of Presidential elector, is to be assigned a total number of electoral votes greater than the sum of one electoral vote per 100,000 in population. Electoral votes are assigned for every 100,000 in locality's population and have to match the nearest highest figure that has 100,000 as a common denominator. Plainly put if a locality has 20,000 in population, that locality is allocated one electoral vote. If a locality has 1,035,000 in population, that locality is allocated 11 electoral votes.

Commentary On Elections-Part Sixty-Two (Session Four)

With the NPV system, all votes for President/Vice-President from all the nation's voters are "put into one pot". With the Electoral College system, all votes for President/Vice-President from all the nation's voters are "put into fifty different sized pots" (size varies according to population).

The preceding system only ensures two-party dictatorship and tyranny. The only exception to this is if highly wealthy individuals stand elections either as Independents (such as Ross Perot) or as independent party candidates (such as Donald Trump). No matter who runs for POTUS, the plutocracy is maintained as this body politic monopolisation is maintained.

NPV and the Electoral College systems guarantee that governance is controlled by the two political parties and that the political parties remain subsidiaries of the private controlling elite, namely the BAR and its "Attorney-Lobbyist Regime". When too many people have to vote for candidates of a specific office, they become subjects rather than sovereign citizens.

Too many federal citizens voting for the POTUS gives the federal government too much power. At the same time, mandating to each state that it can only have one candidate represent it in the final tally by the members of the U.S. House Representatives, gives the federal government too much power. When the field of candidates are limited for federal office as they are reserved for the political and extremely wealthy elite, federal government's power increases in a magnitude that is beyond its legitimate scope.

If a Presidential candidate is able to get the plurality of nation's voters to vote for him/her and his/her pick for Vice-President, that candidate and his/her chosen VP candidate wins the Presidency and Vice-Presidency. The winning candidate is given too much power as President.

At the same time, if a Presidential candidate is able to get the plurality of state's voters to vote for him/her and his/her pick for Vice-President, that candidate and his/her chosen VP candidate gets all that state's electoral votes. Once a Presidential candidate gets the majority of all states' electoral votes, he/she becomes President and his/her choice of Vice-President becomes that only. The winning candidate is also given too much power as President.

The only way to curb both the power of the Presidency and the federal government is to first follow the outline in the U.S. Constitution for its defined role of electors in their choosing of POTUS and VPOTUS.